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金庭 延慶, 大塚 誠, 林 哲男
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3447-3455
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
Methods for the preparation of polymorphs of indomethacin (IMC) were studied in order to obtain the pure polymorphs. The physicochemical properties of IMC polymorphs were measured by using X-ray diffraction analysis. infrared (IR) spectroscopy, differential thermal analysis (DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and two polymorphs (α and γ forms) and one benzene solvate (β form) were identified. The pure α form was obtained when distilled water at room temperature was poured into IMC ethanol solution at about 80°C, and the precipitated crystals were filtered off and dried. The pure β and γ forms were obtained by recrystallization from benzene and ethyl ether, respectively, at room temperature. The melting points of the α and γ forms were 148 and 154°C, respectively, and their heats of fusion were 7.49±0.27 and 8.64±0.13kcal/mol, respectively, as determined by DSC. A mixture of α and γ forms was obtained by the method previously reported for α form preparation ("recrystallization method"), since the pure α form was transformed to the γ form in ethanol at room temperature. The transformation of α form to γ form in ethanol was analyzed by the kinetic method using 9 kinds of kinetic models. It was concluded that the transformation followed kinetics corresponding to two-dimensional growth of nuclei (Avrami equation), and the activation energy was calculated to be 14.2 kcal/mol from the Arrhenius plot. The solubilities of the α and γ forms in distilled water were 0.87 and 0.69mg/100ml, respectively.
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吉村 三夫, 小島 順司, 伊藤 昭文, 鈴木 準之助
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3456-3468
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
The metabolic fate of Nipradilol (K-351 : NIP), a new potent antihypertensive and antianginal agent, was investigated in the dog and human. From dog urine, the parent drug and 11 metabolites were isolated by column chromatography on Amberlite XAD-2 resin and silica gel. Their chemical structures were deduced from spectral comparisons (mass, proton and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared) with synthetic samples, and quantitative determination was accomplished by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (selected ion monitoring method). NIP was metabolized by four principal pathways in the dog : (a) denitration, giving denitro NIP ; (b) aliphatic and aromatic hydroxylation of the 3, 4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran ring, giving 4- or 5-hydroxy NIP or denitro NIP ; (c) degradation of the isopropylaminopropanol side chain, including N-deisopropylation followed by N-methylation or deamination ; (d) glucuronidation. 4-Hydroxy metabolites had a trans-conformation with 3-and 4-substituents in a pseudoaxial position. In the human, 7 metabolites out of the 11 were identified ; aromatic hydroxylation and N-methylation were not found, suggesting the existence of pronounced species differences. Moreover, degradation of the side chain was a minor route among the above pathways.
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森 久和, 佐竹 由起子
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3469-3472
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
The uptake of CO
2 by potassium phenoxide (PhOK) in N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) was investigated in a vacuum system. Further, the carboxylation of cyclohexanone by various amounts of CO
2 complexed with PhOK was studied. The yield of the carboxylate at 30s increased with increase of M.R. (molar ratio of CO
2 absorbed by PhOK to PhOK initially added) in the range of M.R. less than 0.41. However, in the range of M.R. above 0.60, it decreased with increase of M.R. The time required for completion of the reaction depended on the M.R., and three ranges were distinguishable. The ultimate yield of the carboxylate in the carboxylation increase proportionally to M.R. value. It is considered that the source of CO
2 for carboxylate formation was CO
2 complexed with PhOK rather than uncomplexed CO
2.
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木津 治久, 平林 哲, 鈴木 水美, 富森 毅
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3473-3478
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
On the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence, the structures of two new hederagenin bisdesmosides, named Kizuta saponins K
8 (X) and K
11 (I), which were isolated from the stem and bark of Hedera rhombea BEAN (Araliaceae), were established to be as follows : X, 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-hederagenin 28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-6-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester ; I, 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-hederagenin 28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→4)-6-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester. A glucoside mixture (XIII) was considered to be a mixture of the β-D-glucopyranosides of campesterol (trace), stigmasterol and β-sitosterol based on chemical and physicochemical evidence.
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大川原 正, 堅原 宏, 古川 潮
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3479-3483
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
The reaction of thioamides (1) with various haloacyl halides (2, 7, 11, 14, 17, and 19) was carried out in sat. NaHCO
3-CH
2Cl
2 and 5% NaOH-CH
2Cl
2 to give several kinds of 4-thiazolones (3-5, 10, 12 and 15), thiazin-4-one (18) and spiro compounds (21).
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奥貞 智, 川崎 紘一, 杉山 延歳
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3484-3487
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
The N-terminal pentapeptide of α
2-plasmin inhibitor, H-Asn-Gln-Glu-Gln-Val-OH, and its analogue, H-Asp-Gln-Glu-Gln-Val-OH, were synthesized and their inhibitory effects on the cross-linking reaction of α
2-plasmin inhibitor to fibrin mediated by factor XIII
a were examined. The synthetic peptides were inhibitory at high concentration.
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糸川 秀治, 平山 総良, 船越 和子, 竹谷 孝一
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3488-3492
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
Four bisabolane sesquiterpenoids, α-curcumene, ar-turmerone, β-atlantone and xanthorrhizol, were isolated as major antitumor constituents (against Sarcoma 180 ascites in mice) from the rhizomes of Curcuma xanthorrhiza. Their structures were deduced from spectroscopic evidence. The antitumor effectivenes was rated (+ + +) for α-curcumene, (+ +) for ar-turmerone and (+ +) for xanthorrhizol at 50 mg/kg in the total packed cell volume method.
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原 周司, 山口 政俊, 中村 優, 大倉 洋甫
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3493-3498
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
The fluorescent products formed from α-keto acids and 1, 2-diamino-4, 5-dimethoxybenzene were shown to be the corresponding 3-substituted 6, 7-dimethoxy-2 (1H)-quinoxalinones. The fluorescence properties of the products are described ; they fluoresce most intensely at pH 6.0-8.0.
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岩田 哲治, 原 周司, 山口 政俊, 中村 優, 大倉 洋甫
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3499-3502
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
A simple and sensitive fluorimetric method is described for the assay of total ascorbic acid, the sum of ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid. in human serum. This is based on the reaction of dehydroascorbic acid with 1, 2-diamino-4, 5-dimethoxybenzene to give an intensely fluorescent product ; ascorbic acid is oxidized with iodine to dehydroascorbic acid beforehand. The method requires as little as 4μl of serum and the detection limit of ascorbic acid is 5.1 ng (28.3 pmol).
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三野 芳紀, 筒井 聡美, 太田 長世
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3503-3506
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
Inulin oligomers were successfully separated by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography combined with a pre-acetylation procedure.
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浜田 浩, 利光 典子, 小嶋 操, 森田 全
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3507-3509
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
The effect of ethanol on the induction of respiration-deficient (RD or petite) mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by metal compounds was investigated. At concentrations where the cell numbers in 24-h cultures were repressed to from one-third to one-sixth of the control, PbCl
2, CoCl
2, NiCl
2, MnCl
2, CuCl
2 and CdCl
2 induced 2.7-13.5% RD mutants in surviving cells. The induction frequency of RD mutants by these metal compounds, except CdCl
2, was increased to 16.0-36.9% by the addition of 2% ethanol to the culture medium. In contrast, the induction frequency of RD mutants by CdCl
2 was repressed by ethanol from 13.0% to 4.8% (ethanol alone gave 6.5%). These findings suggest that ethanol may change the uptake of metal ions into the yeast cells or affect some process involved in RD mutation.
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中林 利克, 池沢 宏郎, 小川 春樹, 新藤 実, 松永 功
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3510-3513
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
Thirteen derivatives of hydroxypyruvaldehyde phenylosazone were tested for their effects on the Ca
2+-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity of porcine erythrocyte membranes. Seven drugs including hydroxypyruvaldehyde phenylosazone itself and the m-CH
3, p-CH
3, o-Cl, p-Cl, 3, 4-di-Cl and p-Br derivatives, inhibited Ca
2+-ATPase activity, while other derivatives such as o-CH
3, 2, 4-di-Cl, 2, 5-di-Cl, o-NO
2, m-NO
2 and p-NO
2 derivatives were essentially without effect. Hydroxypyruvaldehyde p-chlorophenylosazone was the most potent inhibitor, inhibiting the enzyme activity completely at 1 mM, whereas carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone, a typical inhibitor of Ca
2+-ATPase, inhibited the activity by 85% at the same concentration.
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大野 尚仁, 橋本 好和, 鈴木 巖, 宿前 利郎
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3514-3516
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
Periodate oxidation-borohydride reduction (IO
4/BH
4) is a quite general modification method in carbohydrate chemistry to elucidate structure and function. Upon IO
4/BH
4 treatment, pectins from citrus and apple and pectic acid gave macromolecular modification products that were cytotoxic to spleen cells in vitro. On the other hand, the same treatment of a neutral polysaccharide, dextran, produced no cytotoxicity. These findings suggest that when active sites of carbohydrates are determined based on the results of these treatments, careful interpretation is necessary.
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白倉 治, 南部 直樹, 永井 恒司
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3517-3521
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
An investigation was carried out on the effect of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), which is an excellent complexing agent, on the hypnotic potency of four kinds of barbituric acid derivatives (BAD) after intravenous and intraperitoneal administration in mice. Among BAD, hexobarbital (HBA), pentobarbital (PBA), phenobarbital (PhBA) and thiopental (TPA) were chosen. To evaluate the hypnotic potency, the sleeping lag (the time until the onset of the righting reflex from administration) and the sleeping time (the time until recovery from the loss of righting reflex) were determined. In the cases of intravenous administration at the dose of 215.3μmol/kg weight, the sleeping times were significantly shortened, but the sleeping lags were not affected by the simultaneous administration of β-CD equivalent (in molar amount) to BAD. However, the brain concentration of BAD at the time of awakening was little affected by the simultaneous administration of β-CD. The solubility of HBA in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer solution with rat serum increased sigmoidally with increasing amount of β-CD. The present results suggest that the shortening in sleeping time may be due to a decrease in the distribution of BAD to the brain, at least partly as a result of complex formation of BAD with β-CD, resulting in a shortening of the BAD-induced sleeping time.
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平手 純司, 堀越 勇, 渡辺 淳, 尾関 昭二
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3522-3526
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
Inter-strain differences of exogeneous creatinine disposition in rats and mice were assessed by comparing the plasma or whole blood level-time data following intravenous administration to rats (Wistar, Sprague-Dawley, F344, ACI and Donryu strains) and mice (ddY and C57BL/6 strains). Almost all pharmacokinetic parameters were about the same among all the strains of rats studied, and this was also the case for mice. However, non-negligible and statistically significant differences were observed in (V'
d)
extrap values. For example, the (V'
d)
extrap value for F344 rats (4.62×10
3±7.38×10
2ml/kg) was about 1.7 times that for Donryu rats (2.75×10
3±2.99×10
2ml/kg) (p<0.01). Similarly, the value for C57BL/6 mice (2.77×10
3±5.04×10
2ml/kg) was about twice that for ddY mice (1.35×10
3±4.63×10
2ml/kg) (p<0.01). This result for mice was consistent with the whole-body autoradiographic data. These findings suggest that the distribution properties of creatinine vary among different strains of rats and mice.
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中村 純三, 高田 重行, 上田 聡, 浜浦 健司, 山本 昌, 木村 聰城郎, 瀬崎 仁
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3527-3529
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
The effect of pharmaceutical excipients on the gastrointestinal mucosa in rats was examined by measuring the permeation of phenosulfonphthalein (phenol red), a poorly absorbed drug. The urinary recovery after oral administration of phenol red was significantly increased by pretreatment with sodium lauryl sulfate and Triton X-100 in rats. However, pretreatment with polysorbate 80, lactose, fructose, mannitol, calcium citrate, acacia, or polyethylene glycol 4000 had no apparent effect.
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佐藤 正基, 今井 公江, 木村 良平, 村田 敏郎
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3530-3533
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
The present study was carried out to investigate the effectiveness of sodium copper chlorophyllin (Cu-Chl-Na) as an in vivo lipid antioxidant by examining its effect on CCl
4-induced hepatic injury. Rats received two i.p. injections of Cu-Chl-Na (50 or 100mg/kg) in and 2h prior to CCl
4 administration (1 ml/kg, p.o.). It was found that in the pretreated rats, there was effective depression of both the CCl
4-induced lipid peroxidation in hepatic microsomes and the CCl
4-induced increase of lipid peroxides in whole liver at 0.5 and 24h after the dosing of CCl
4, respectively. Cu-Chl-Na pretreatment also clearly inhibited the elevation of serum levels of glutamic oxaloacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminases and isocitric dehydrogenase, and the increase in liver triglyceride level caused by CCl
4. In addition, the hepatotoxin-induced decrease of hepatic tryptophan pyrrolase activity was substantially prevented in the rats pretreated with Cu-Chl-Na. Since the CCl
4-induced peroxidation of liver lipids is generally accepted to be involved in the pathogenesis of its hepatotoxicity, the above in vivo antioxidative effect of Cu-Chl-Na is considered to play an important role in its protection of rats against the liver damage produced by CCl
4.
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水田 榮治, 坪谷 敦子, 渡辺 浩次, 杉村 修一郎
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3534-3539
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
In our previous study on serum concentrations of CTM during open-heart operations, it was found in several cases that the serum concentrations after the institution of the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) showed an initial transient rise and subsequent slow decline. However, the mechanism of the phenomenon has not been clarified pharmacokinetically. In this paper, a method is proposed by which the serum concentration during CPB can be analyzed simply by using the volume of priming solution (V
p) and rate of decrease (μ) of transfer (k
12) and elimination (k
e) rate constants when the pharmacokinetic parameters before or after CPB are available. By using this method, the serum concentrations of patients undergoing open-heart operation were successfully analyzed.
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栗田 城治, 高山 和子, 土屋 隆
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3540-3544
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
Irradiation of pyridazin-3-one 1-ethoxycarbonylimide (9a) resulted in ring contraction to give the azamaleimide (11), whereas the 6-methyl derivative (9b), upon irradiation, afforded the 3-pyrrolin-2-one (12). On the other hand, the photolysis of 2-methylpyridazin-3-one 1-imides (10a, b) gave both azamaleimides (13a, b) and 3-pyrrolin-2-ones (14a, b). The mechanism of this photoinduced ring contraction reaction is discussed.
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下川 隆志, 金城 順英, 山原 條二, 山崎 政城, 野原 稔弘
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3545-3547
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
Two novel aromatic compounds named caesalpins J and P were isolated from Sappan Lignum, the dried heartwood of Caesalpinia sappan L. (Leguminosae), and their structures were deduced by spectroscopy. Their chemical structures are related to 3-benzyl-chroman compounds and brazilin.
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今村 順茂, 小嶋 祐一郎, 小田切 優樹
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3548-3551
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
The in vitro metabolic reduction of acetohexamide was studied using rabbit tissue preparations. Acetohexamide is mainly reduced in the cytosols of rabbit liver and kidney, and its reduction is catalyzed by ketone reductases.
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町田 實, 小田 和明, 金岡 祐一
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3552-3554
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
Irradiation of thiosuccinimides 3a-d gave, efficiently, highly strained thietanes 4a-c, and thietane 4d with a pyrrolizidine skeleton
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和田 啓爾, 石垣 静香, 上田 かおり, 阪田 正勝, 羽賀 正信
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3555-3557
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
An antivitamin B
6, 4'-methoxypyridoxine (1) was isolated from the seed of Ginkgo biloba L. (Ginkgoaceae). The albumen of the seed of G. biloba L., which is called "Gin-nan or Ginkyo", is used as a crude drug in China and as food in Japan. However, in Japan, there have been about 70 reports of "Gin-nan sitotoxism." In this paper, we report that the substance responsible for this sitotoxism is 4'-methoxypyridoxine (1), which is known to have antivitamin B
6 activities. This compound (1) is reported for the first time from natural products.
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三木 益生, 脇田 多恵子, 春澤 信哉, 栗原 拓史
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3558-3560
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
Methyl vinyl ketone cyanohydrin phosphate was found to react with aromatic compounds in the presence of borontrifluoride etherate to give 4-arylangelonitriles.
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押沢 正, 寺尾 允男, 佐藤 浩, 木村 俊夫, 福田 秀男, 谷本 剛, 新見 伸吾, 川村 次良, 早川 堯夫, 大塚 栄子, 池原 ...
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3561-3563
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
The product of chemically synthesized human growth hormone gene expression in Escherichia coli was partially purified and proved to be identical with human growth hormone in size, in mobility on non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, in behabior on HPLC, in immunological properties, and in biological activity in hypophysectomized rats.
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原山 尚, 福士 英人, 小川 和宏, 米田 文郎
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3564-3566
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
Treatment of gem-dibromocyclopropanes (1) with a higher order organocuprate prepared from cuprous thiocyanate and methyllithium, followed by the addition of methyl iodide in situ, readily afforded dimethylcyclopropanes (2) in good to excellent yields as listed in Table I.
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松浦 寿喜, 芳野 恭士, 大木 英嗣, 斉藤 慎一, 大石 悦男, 富田 勲
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3567-3570
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method has been developed for the determination of methylglyoxal (MG). When MG was treated with o-phenylenediamine and trichloroacetic acid, it was converted to a highly fluorescent new compound, 2-(2-benzimidazolyl)-3-methylquinoxaline (BIMQ) the chemical structure of which was elucidated by NMR and MS. BIMQ was analyzed by HPLC using a 4 mm×25 mm column packed with LiChrosorb Si-60 (10 μm). This method is highly sensitive and was satisfactorily applied to the measurement of MG in biological materials.
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高橋 一朗, 小田嶋 和徳, 古賀 憲司
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3571-3573
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
Reduction of 1-naphthylglyoxylic acid (2c) by inclusion complex formation with optically active paracyclophane (1a) followed by treatment with sodium borohydride in acidic water gave, after esterification with diazomethane, (R)-1-naphthylglycolic acid methyl ester (4c) in 9.7% ee. A working hypothesis is proposed to describe the mechanism of this reaction.
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津田 喜典, 細井 深造, 大島 武, 金内 聡美, 村田 雅美, 木内 文之, 戸田 潤, 佐野 武弘
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3574-3577
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
This stereo-controlled total synthesis of the title alkaloids, both in racemic form, is the first synthesis of the naturally occurring homoerythrinan alkaloids.
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矢島 治明, 藤井 信孝, 赤路 健一, 桜井 満也, 野水 基義, 水田 和彦, 青野 充, 森賀 本幸, 井上 一知, 細谷 亮, 戸部 ...
1985 年 33 巻 8 号 p.
3578-3581
発行日: 1985/08/25
公開日: 2008/03/31
ジャーナル
フリー
Human GIP (gastric inhibitory polypeptide or glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide) was synthesized in a conventional solution method by assembling eight peptide fragments followed by deprotection with 1 M trifluoromethanesulfonic acid-thioanisole in trifluoroacetic acid. New amino acid derivatives, Trp (Mts), Asp (OChp), and Glu (OChp) [Mts=mesitylenesulfonyl, Chp=cycloheptyl] were employed to suppress various side reactions. Synthetic GIP exhibited a significant increase of immunoreactive insulin level in dog plasma under basal ground infusion of glucose.
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